건선 피부염, 알레르기 피부염, 아토피 피부염: 차이점과 관리법 총정리

Psoriasis dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis are common skin diseases that modern people experience. These diseases have different causes and symptoms, but they all cause inflammation and inconvenience in the skin. Proper diagnosis and treatment can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

division	Psoriasis	Allergic dermatitis	Atopic dermatitis
Main features	Silver white scales on thick and red skin spots	Rash generated after allergens	Extreme itching and dry skin patch
Main symptoms	– Red spots with distinct boundaries – silver white scales – Dry and split skin – Thick nails	– Redness and rash – Blisters, virgins, scabs – Itching – Pour up and stinging	– Extreme itching – Red and dry skin patch – Bleeding or bleeding – Skin thickening (Taesunhwa)
Main	– Elbow – Knee – Scalp – Torso	– Allergen contact site – hand – face – Various body parts	– Inside the elbow and knee – hand – neck – Skin around the eyes
cause	Excessive proliferation of skin cells due to abnormal immune system	Allergic reaction to certain substances (allergens)	Combination of genetic and environmental factors
Treatment	– Local steroids – Light treatment – Immune regulator – Biological preparations	– Allergen evasion – Steroid ointment – Antihistamines – Oral Corticosteroid	– moisturizer – Local steroids – Calci New Lin inhibitor – Antihistamines
significant	Kubner phenomenon (a new lesion occurs at the site of skin damage)	Symptoms after 24-48 hours after allergen contact	Chronic progress and improvement/exacerbation

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which skin cells multiply up to 10 times faster than normal so that thick red spots on the skin and silver white scales are formed. In Korea, about 0.3 ~ 0.5% of the population has this disease, and mainly in the 20s and 30s. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is accompanied by systemic inflammation, not just a skin disease, and has a characteristic of repeating improvement and exacerbation. In particular, frictions such as elbows, knees, and scalp are often seen in areas that occur frequently.

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is caused by various factors, the main cause is:

• Over the immune system: As the activity of immune cells called T cells increases, the secreted immune substances stimulate the keratinocytes of the skin, causing excessive proliferation. In particular, T -cells and interleukin 23 cytokines that generate Interlukin 17 play a key role.
• Genetic factorAbout one -third of psoriasis patients have family history, and certain genes are known to increase the risk of psoriasis. People with genetic predisposition are likely to express psoriasis when exposed to environmental factors.
• Environmental factors: Stress, skin damage, infection (especially chain -phase infection), some drugs (lithium, beta -blockers), hormonal changes, and weather (dry and cold winter) can cause or worsen psalms.

Symptoms and types of psoriasis

The main symptoms and types of psoriasis are as follows:

• Plaque psoriasis: The most common type, the silver white scales appear on the red spots with distinct boundaries. It occurs mainly in elbows, knees, scalp, waist, etc., and can be accompanied by itching or pain.
• Water drop psoriasis (guttate psoriasis): It occurs mainly in children and adolescents, and often occurs after infection. It is characterized by a small drop of red spots on the torso and limbs.
• Pustulative psoriasis: A type of small blister (pustula) with pus in the skin, which can spread throughout the body. It can be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and severe itching.

Psoriasis

Psoriasis treatment is applied depending on the severity and invasion area:

• Topical treatmentIt is mainly used for mild psoriasis and uses steroid applications, vitamin D derivatives, and Calcininin inhibitors. In particular, the steroid-vitamin D derivative composite is effective, and the sensitive areas consider nonsteroidal application.
• Ray treatment: It is effective for moderate psoriasis, UVB (UVB) or using Eximer laser. It is treated twice a week for about 3 months and evaluates the response. It is suitable for patients without light and independence, and can be merged with oral drugs to increase the treatment effect.
• Whole body treatmentIt is used for severe psoriasis, and oral drugs include acitetin, cyclosporin, methotrexate, and dimethyl fumarate. Each drug has different contraindications and side effects, so consultation with a specialist is required.
• Biological: Secondary-consider when not responding to other treatments in severe psoriasis. An injection that blocks cytokine, which causes psoriasis, including dupilumab, Tralokinumab, and JAK inhibitors (Bari City Nib, Upada City Nib). It has excellent therapeutic effect, but is expensive and the insurance standard is difficult.

Psoriasis should be approached with the concept of management rather than cure, and long -term treatment plans are required. It is important to maintain healthy lifestyles and to control symptoms and prevent complications through regular dermatology. It is at the heart of psoriasis management to establish a customized treatment strategy that suits the characteristics of the patient.

Allergic dermatitis

Allergic dermatitis is a skin inflammatory response caused by contact with external materials. This appears when the immune system recognizes a particular substance as harmful and reacts excessively. Allergic dermatitis can appear in various forms such as contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and hives. The main symptoms include itching, rashes, swelling, and skin drying. In severe cases, the skin may split or blister. For example, a person with nickel allergies can wear rashes and itching around the ears by wearing a nickel -containing earring.

Causes of allergic dermatitis

The main cause of allergic dermatitis is:

• Chemical: Chemicals included in products commonly used in daily life, such as detergents, cosmetics, and perfumes, can cause skin irritation. These substances can damage the skin barrier or cause immune response.
• metal: Metals such as nickel, chrome, cobalt, etc. are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis. These metals are mainly included in trinkets, watches, belt buckles, etc., making it easy to contact in everyday life.
• plant: Allergic reactions can occur when you come into contact with saps or leaves of certain plants such as lacquer and poison. In particular, lacquer trees are one of the causes of allergies that are common in Korea.

Symptoms of allergic dermatitis

The main symptoms of allergic dermatitis are:

• Itching: The most common symptoms of most allergic dermatitis. The degree of itching can vary from minor to serious levels.
• rashA variety of rashes may appear, such as red spots, swelling, and blisters. The shape and size of the rash depends on the causative material and the individual’s reaction.
• Dry skin and split: Continuous inflammatory reactions can cause the skin to dry and split. This is especially common in chronic allergic dermatitis.

Diagnosis and treatment of allergic dermatitis

The diagnosis and treatment of allergic dermatitis is as follows:

• Spy: A test that observes the reaction by attaching suspected allergens to the skin. This allows you to check whether you are allergic to certain substances.
• Evasion therapy: Finding the cause and avoiding contact is the most basic and effective treatment. It is important to know exactly allergen and avoid it in everyday life.
• medication: Steroid ointments and antihistamines can be used to alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, systemic steroid treatment may be required.

Allergic dermatitis can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life through appropriate management and treatment. It is most important to identify and avoid the cause of the cause, and if necessary, consult a specialist to get appropriate treatment. In addition, overall health care, such as caution of skin care in everyday life, stress management and sufficient water intake, can also be helpful.

Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe itching so that it is not itchy. This disease is accompanied by symptoms such as skin redness, sinusing and skin infection, and has the progress of improving and exacerbation. Atopic dermatitis is caused by complex interactions such as genetic predisposition and environmental factors, immunological abnormalities, and abnormalities of skin barriers. About 10-30%of children are relaxed worldwide, and according to a 2010 domestic survey, 35.6%of elementary school students have been diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. For example, a child with atopic dermatitis can cause dry and red rashes in the skin wrinkles such as elbows or knees.

The cause of atopic dermatitis

The main cause of atopic dermatitis is:

• Genetic factor: 70-80%of atopy patients have family history. If one of the parents has atopic dermatitis, 50%of the children and both parents have atopic dermatitis in 75%of their children. In particular, the variation of the filar green gene, which plays an important role in the skin barrier function, is an important cause.
• Immunological factorsMore than 80% of the patient shows immunological abnormalities and increases immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood. Interlukin-4 and Interlukin-13, which are secreted by immune cells, are the main inducers that mediate immune response, sustain inflammation and worsen skin barrier abnormalities.
• Environmental factors: Increased instant food intake caused by urbanization, industrialization, nuclear familyization, and increasing allergic materials caused by indoor and outdoor pollution is closely related to the development of atopic dermatitis. Especially exposed to allergens such as certain foods, house dust mites, animal fur, pollen, etc. can worsen symptoms.

Symptoms of atopic dermatitis

The main symptoms of atopic dermatitis are:

• Serious itch: The biggest feature of atopic dermatitis is severe itching, usually worsened in the evening. Itching scratches the skin due to itching, which causes the skin’s eczema change. As eczema gets worse, it will be repeated again.
• Symptoms by age: In infancy up to 2 years of age, red and humid acute eczema appears mainly in the area where heads, face, torso, and limbs are widened. Previous puberty has a thicker skin and a eczema that becomes thicker and dry around the forehead, the eyes, the ears, and the limbs. In puberty and adulthood, skin drying, hands and feet nipples, and Tae -sun are appearing.

Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is diagnosed in the following methods:

• Clinical diagnosis: Atopic dermatitis is not a disease that is diagnosed at once, but based on the characteristic symptoms of the patient. The main symptoms include itching, the characteristic dermatitis according to age, the family history of atopic disease, the chronic and recurrence.
• Auxiliary test: Blood tests, skin terminal tests, and food allergies are performed as needed. The blood test measures the immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, and the skin terminal test checks the allergic reaction by inoculation of a small amount of antigens to the skin. Food allergic tests verify that suspected food acts as a cause of actual atopic dermatitis.

Treatment of atopic dermatitis

The treatment of atopic dermatitis is as follows:

• Basic management: It is important to keep your skin strong and clean by using proper baths and moisturizers. It is essential to apply enough moisturizers every day to strengthen the skin barrier function and prevent dryness.
• medication: Use topical steroids, topical neurine suppressants (Takrorimus, Pimecro Limus), antihistamines to alleviate symptoms, and antihistamines. As of 2025, various target therapies that relieve skin inflammation and itching by suppressing immune reactions appear to treat themselves with little itching and clean skin condition.
• Treatment of severe patients: Severe patients who do not respond to general treatment may receive professional treatment such as ultraviolet rays, immunosupporin (cyclosporin, methotrexate), and biological preparations. It is important to choose the right treatment depending on the patient’s condition.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic disease that repeats and worsens, but it can effectively regulate symptoms through appropriate management and treatment. In recent years, the development of various treatments has greatly improved the quality of life of patients. The core of the management of atopic dermatitis is to establish a treatment plan for individuals through regular skin care and regular consultation with a specialist.

FAQ

Q: What is the main difference between psoriasis dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis?

A: psoriasis is a disease in which skin cells overdose due to abnormalities in the immune system, and allergic dermatitis occurs as an immune response to a particular substance. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that appears to be combined with genetic and environmental factors.

Q: What are the common symptoms of these three dermatitis?

A: All three dermatitis indicate itching, skin redness, and dryness. However, there may be differences in the shape of the rash, the site of the occurrence, and the accompanying symptoms. For accurate diagnosis, you need a specialist’s consultation.

Q: How are these dermatitis treatment?

A: The treatment method depends on the type and severity of the disease. In general, the use of moisturizers, applying topical steroids, and taking antihistamines are basic treatments. In severe severity, professional treatment, such as immunosuppressants or biological preparations, may be required.

Q: What should I do to prevent these dermatitis?

A: It is important to keep the skin clean and moist. It is also helpful to avoid irritating chemicals and to identify and identify allergic substances. Overall health care, such as stress management, balanced diet, and sufficient sleep, can also help prevent dermatitis.

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