Let’s take a look at breast cancer types, symptoms, survival rates, causes, and good foods for breast cancer. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in breast tissue, which is the second most incidence of cancer among women. In the early days, regular checkups are important, so regular checkups are important. Breast cancer is caused by multiple risk factors, but it can help prevent with healthy eating habits and lifestyles.
Breast cancer symptoms/types
Breast cancer refers to the malignant tumors that occur in the breast tissue. The breast consists of fat, conjugation tissue, and lymphatic vessels that support mammary glands and wired tissues, and the wired tissue consists of a related pipe connecting the lobe to produce the milk and the nipples. Breast cancer can occur anywhere in these tissues, which varies more than other cancers. In Korea, women in their 40s are the most common, and in the early days, regular checkups are important.
Main symptoms of breast cancer
- Pastry: The most common breast cancer symptoms are the lumps that are touched without pain. Most of the lumps suspected of breast cancer are mostly irregular and are fixed to surrounding tissues. The breasts are hard and soft, depending on the area, but if you have a hard part in the soft area or the more prominent places are touched in the hard part, you can suspect the tumor. Even if the lumps are touched, it is often not cancer, but it is important to visit the hospital immediately when discovered.
- Nipples: A discharge from the nipples can be a symptom of breast cancer. Cancer discharge is mainly from one side, and most of them come from a certain pipe as a chocolate -colored or bloody nipple secretion. However, only 5-10%of abnormal nipple secretion is associated with breast cancer, and the rest may be caused by breast diseases such as benign tumors or assistant extensions, hormones, and medications. All of the bloody papillary secretions are not breast cancer, and can be caused by late pregnancy or trauma.
- Breast shape changeIf the cancer grows large, the tumor may be outwardly prominent and the shape of the breast can be deformed. Because of the characteristics of digging into the surrounding tissues, it invades the fiber ligament that supports the skin, pulling the skin inside or reducing elasticity, which may enter like a dimension. The nipple also changes, and the nipples are transformed towards the cancer, and if the cancer invades the nipples directly on the nipples, symptoms such as skin eczema may occur. These changes can be more prominent by bowing the upper body or touching the breast.
Types of breast cancer
- Invasive: When the cancer originated from the pipeline, it is called an infiltrated relevant cancer when it invades the base film of the invisible. It is the most common type that accounts for 65-80%of all breast cancer. Massage and breast capacity change and microsolithic paintings are common. Cancer cells have grown through the base film of the related pipeline, and have already progressed to some extent.
- Infiltration: It is an invasive cancer originated from the cells that make up the lobe, which accounts for about 5-14% of all breast cancer patients. The prognosis is better than the infiltrated related cancer, and the frequency of multiple and bilateral is more frequent. The edges of the mass are unclear, and symptoms such as skin depression and skin fixing are present. It has already progressed to some degree of cancer that invaded the base film of the lobe.
- Relaxed epithelial cancer (non -invasive): The 0th breast cancer that has not invaded the base film of the mastocytosis. It is the most common of the epithelial cancer of the breast and occupies 80-90%. The prognosis is much better than the infiltrated breast cancer, but if the cancer cells grow through the basement, they can develop into an invasive relevant cancer. It is a very early cancer that is limited in your own bond area.
- Leaf epithelial cancer (non -invasive): The 0th breast cancer that has not invaded the base film of the lobe. It occurs mainly in women in their 40s and 50s and occurs at a young age of about 10 years old than related epithelial cancer. About 90%occur in women before menopause or in postmenopausal women who are receiving hormonal alternative therapies. The opposite breast is highly frequently developed into small leaf epithelial cancer, and it does not progress well with invasive cosmetic cancer.
Breast cancer is also called ‘good cancer’ because it is found early and treated properly, with a high five -year survival rate and a relatively easy treatment. Therefore, it is important to have a regular breast self -examination and professional breast cancer screening every one to two years from the age of 40 or older. In particular, Korean women are easy to develop and find the discovery due to the nature of dense breasts, so they must be aware of the usual awareness.
Breast cancer survival rate
Breast cancer (Breast Cancer) refers to the malignant tumors that occur in the breast tissue. Breast cancer is the second most incidence of cancer after thyroid cancer, accounting for about 12%of all cancer patients in Korea. According to the central cancer registration headquarters released in 2023, the five-year relative survival rate of breast cancer in 2017-2021 was 93.8%, the third highest survival rate after thyroid cancer (100.1%) and prostate cancer (96.0%). Breast cancer is a relatively good cancer when found early, and the survival rate is significantly higher when found in the limit.
The overall survival rate of breast cancer
- 5 years relative survival rate: According to the 2023 Central Cancer Registration Headquarters, Korea’s breast cancer survival rate is very high at 93.8%. This means that about 94 of the 100 patients diagnosed with breast cancer survive for more than five years. Men’s breast cancer is 90.0%, which is slightly lower than that of women (93.8%), but still has a high survival rate. The survival rate of breast cancer has been continuously improved, and it is steadily increasing in 78.0%in 1993-1995.
- 10 and 15 years survival rateAccording to the American Society of Cancer Society, the five -year survival rate of breast cancer is 91%, but the 10 -year survival rate is 86%and the 15 -year survival rate is 81%. This is because breast cancer can recur over a long time. Therefore, regular checkups and management are important even after breast cancer treatment.
Survival rate by weapon
- Localized: In the early stages where cancer is limited to the breast, the survival rate is very high. According to domestic data, the five -year relative survival rate at the limit level is 98%, and in the United States, it exceeds 99%. At this stage, the cancer does not spread to surrounding tissues, so treatment is relatively easy and effective. The importance of early diagnosis is here, and regular breast examination is recommended.
- Local stage (Regional)The survival rate is relatively high even when cancer spreads with tissues around the breast or lymph nodes. In Korea, the five -year relative survival rate of the topical stage was reported to be 90%, and in the US, it is 87%. In this stage, complex treatment, such as radiation and chemotherapy, is often required, along with surgery.
- DistantIf the cancer is transferred to other organs such as lungs, liver, bones, the survival rate is greatly reduced. According to US data, the five -year relative survival rate of the remote transition stage is 32%, which is significantly lower than that of other stages. However, due to the recent development of target therapies and immunotherapy agents, the survival rate of metastatic breast cancer is also increasing.
Factors affecting survival rate
- Breast cancerBreast cancer is divided into several types according to hormonal receptors and HER2 gene expression patterns, and the survival rate is different for each type. Hormone positive breast cancer and HER2 positive breast cancer can be targeted for relatively good prognosis. On the other hand, both hormones and HER2, which are negative, are one of the main reasons for reducing breast cancer survival due to poor prognosis compared to other types, and the possibility of recurrence and transfer.
- Race and regional differences: The survival rate of breast cancer varies depending on the race and the region. In the United States, black women have the lowest survival rate in all weapons, and the lowest diagnostic rate of localization is the lowest. Korea’s five -year survival rate (93.8%) is higher than the OECD average (84.5%), but it is relatively low (14th) compared to the No. 1 OECD in gastric and colon cancer.
Breast cancer survival rate is continuously improving with the development of early diagnosis and treatment technology. However, even after treatment, there is a risk of long -term complications such as cardiovascular disease, so continuous management is required. It should be remembered that early detection and proper treatment through regular breast examinations are the most important factors that increase the survival rate of breast cancer.
Causes of breast cancer
The exact cause of breast cancer has not yet been completely known, but it is known to be caused by multiple risk factors. More than 90% of all breast cancer is caused by interactions of various risk factors, and only about 5-10% are related to genetic factors. Breast cancer is closely related to the female hormone estrogen, which increases the risk of occurrence as the hormone exposure period is longer.
Hormonal factors
- Female hormone exposureEstrogen has the effect of promoting the proliferation of breast epithelial cells, which increases the risk of breast cancer when exposed for a long time. The risk of breast cancer increases because the menstrual period is long (after age 11) (after age 11) (after age 55), women have long periods of menstruation and have a long exposure to estrogen. In addition, women who receive hormone treatment after menopause can also increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Pregnancy and childbirth: Women who do not have childbirth experience are more risk of developing breast cancer than women who have experienced birth. In addition, the risk increases even if the first birth age is after 30 years of age. Maternity affects the risk of breast cancer through changes in hormonal cancer, and the risk increases slightly after childbirth, but tends to decrease over time. The higher the number of births, the less the risk of breast cancer.
Genetic factor
- Family history: If there is a patient with breast cancer among mothers or sisters, the risk of breast cancer is 2 to 3 times higher. If both mothers and sisters are breast cancer patients, the risk can increase by about 8 to 12 times. If your family history is strongly suspected, you should consult with an expert to get a genetic test or pay more attention to regular checkups.
- Gene mutation: The mutations of the BRCA1 and the BRCA2 genes are closely related to the development of breast cancer. These genes are tumor -inhibited genes, and mutations increase the risk of cancer occurrence because it does not suppress abnormal cell growth. In addition, genetic variations such as Palb2, ATM, and Chek2 can also increase the risk of breast cancer.
Lifestyle
- obesity: Especially in women after menopause, obesity increases the risk of breast cancer. Since estrogen is produced in adipose tissue, women with abdominal obesity are more likely to be exposed to breast cancer than women on normal weight. Therefore, in order to lower the incidence of breast cancer, it is important to reduce abdominal fat through exercise and dietary control.
- Drinking and smokingExcessive drinking reduces the liver’s ability to control the liver and increases the incidence of breast cancer. In particular, alcohol intake of more than two glasses a day further increases the risk. In addition, due to the carcinogens contained in tobacco, smoking women have a higher incidence of breast cancer than non -smoking women.
Environment and other factors
- Dietary factor: Ins eating westernized diets, especially animal fats and meats, increases the incidence of breast cancer. On the other hand, vegetables such as soybeans, fish, broccoli, cabbage, and kale, and antioxidant foods such as vitamin C and vitamin E can help prevent breast cancer.
- Radiation: Especially in adolescence, the risk of breast cancer can be increased. Radiation can damage DNA, which can cause abnormal growth of cells.
The cause of the occurrence of breast cancer is often caused by multiple risk factors rather than a single factor. Therefore, to prevent breast cancer, it is important to maintain a healthy lifestyle and to discover early through regular checkups. In particular, women with family history or other risk factors require more careful management.
Food for breast cancer
Breast cancer can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Eating antioxidants and anti -inflammatory ingredients through a healthy diet can help you lower your breast cancer risk and strengthen your immunity.
Crusades and vegetables
- broccoliBroccoli contains a compound called sulfora plate, effectively inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Sulpo Lapan is an isotiocyanate -based substance that inhibits the growth of cancer cells and protects healthy cells. Broccoli is also rich in antioxidants, which helps to strengthen immunity.
- cabbageCabbage has an ingredient called Indol-3-Kabi Nol, which controls estrogen metabolism and suppresses the growth of breast cancer cells. In particular, glucocinolate ingredients in crucifixion and vegetables are known to reduce the risk of cancer through antioxidants. Studies have shown that women who consume a lot of crucifixion and vegetables have a low risk of breast cancer.
Berry and fruit
- Berry: Blueberry, Raspberry, and Strawberry, such as the berry, contain a lot of antioxidant polyphenols, which helps to suppress the growth of cancer cells and reduce inflammation. Berry of dark colors, in particular, contains 50% more antioxidants than bright berry. In 2016, Blackberry and Blueberry can destroy breast tumors and cancer cells.
- Citrus fruitCitrus fruits such as orange, lemon, and grapefruit include various nutrients that help prevent and fight breast cancer such as vitamin C, folic acid, and calcium. In 2013, women with a lot of citrus fruits were 10% less likely to have breast cancer. Citrus fruits can be used as a snack or to add flavor to tea and water.
Beans and nuts
- pulseBeans such as beans, tofu, soy milk, and lentils are rich in isoflavones, which helps to suppress the growth of cancer cells. A research team at the University of Tufts, the University of Toughz, studied about 6,000 women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer for nine years, and the number of breast cancer patients with a lot of soybeans was 21% lower than the patient. The team estimates that isoflavones have a big impact on the effect of reducing the risk of breast cancer.
- Flaxseed and nuts: Flaxseed is rich in lignan ingredients that can prevent breast cancer. Researchers at the University of Toronto, Canada, have been able to consume flaxseed ingredients from mice with breast cancer to suppress cancer cell proliferation. In addition, nuts such as almonds, walnuts, and pecans are rich in oleic acid, an antioxidant that prevents breast cancer. According to the Dutch Mastrial University study, women who eat nuts with oleic acid and olive oil have a 40% reduction in risk of breast cancer.
Fish and whole grains
- Fat: Fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as salmon, mackerel, tuna, and sardines help to reduce inflammation related to breast cancer. In 2020, women who eat a lot of fat fish have a lower risk of breast cancer than women who do not. Chungnam National University’s Graduate School of Medicine also announced that omega-3 fatty acids induce the death of breast cancer cells and prevent the growth and metastasis of cancer cells.
- Wooden water and grain riceThe whole grain is rich in dietary fiber, which helps to suppress the excessive secretion of estrogen. A research team at Seoul National University Medical School study for 90,000 Korean women aged 40-70 years old, and women who eat a lot of white rice and eat less grain rice were 35% higher than women who did not. Vitamin E in the whole grain prevents the formation of carcinogens, and vegetable estrogen, including lignan, can reduce the risk of breast cancer by inhibiting breast cell proliferation.
For breast cancer prevention and management, it is important to eat a variety of anticancer foods. In particular, vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, nuts, fat fish, etc., are plenty of plenty of fish, and restricted processed foods, animal fats, and alcohol intake. It is important to try to prevent breast cancer and early detection through regular exercise and regular checkups with healthy eating habits.
FAQ
Q: What are the main types of breast cancer?
A: breast cancer is largely divided into invasive and non -invasive. Invasive relevant cancer is the most common type that accounts for 65-80%of all breast cancer, and the infiltrated lobster can account for 5-14%. Non -invasive breast cancer has related epithelial inner and cow leaf epidermal cancer, which is an initial state that has not invaded the basement film with 0 breast cancer. In addition, treatment methods and prognosis depend on whether the hormone receptor and HER2 expression.
Q: How does the early symptoms of breast cancer appear?
A: The most common symptom of breast cancer is the lumps that are touched without pain. This lump is usually irregular and is fixed to the surrounding tissue. In addition, nipple secretions (especially hematoptys), breast -shaped changes, nipple depressions or skin changes (orange peels), and pain in the breast or armpit area may occur. In the early stages, there are many cases of symptoms, so regular checkups are important.
Q: What is the survival rate of breast cancer?
A: Korea’s five -year relative survival rate is 93.8%. By weapon, it is 98%in the limited stage (if the cancer is only in the breast), 90%in the topical stage (when it is spread to the surrounding tissue or lymph nodes), and 32%at the remote transition stage. The survival rate varies depending on the type of breast cancer, and hormonal positive or HER2 positive breast cancer can be treated with target treatment.
Q: What is the main cause of breast cancer?
A: breast cancer is closely related to female hormone estrogen, so the longer the hormone exposure period, the higher the risk. Women who are rapidly in menstruation, late menopause, women with no childbirth experience or late birth age are increasing risks. Genetic factors are important for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations and family history, and lifestyle factors can increase the risk of breast cancer.
Q: What food is good for preventing and managing breast cancer?
A: Crucifixes and vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage are effective to prevent breast cancer. These vegetables have sulfopla and indol-3-carbinol, which inhibit cancer cell growth. Antioxidants of berry and citrus fruits, isoflavones of soybeans, lignnes of flax seeds, fish rich in omega-3s, and dietary fiber rich in dietary fiber are also helped to prevent breast cancer. On the other hand, it is recommended to limit processed foods, animal fat and alcohol.
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