Let’s take a look at the symptoms of hepatitis B to treatment. Hepatitis B is an infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), which can be made of acute or chronic. Hepatitis B carriers have a virus in the body but have no symptoms and have potential risks that can be transmitted to others. Hepatitis B vaccination is the most effective way to prevent these infections, and is recommended worldwide. Hepatitis B antibody tests and appropriate treatments play an important role in identifying infections and slowing or stopping the progression of the disease.
Hepatitis B symptoms/transmission
Hepatitis B is an infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). This disease can cause inflammation in the liver and can proceed with acute or chronic. Especially in Korea, it is considered a major cause of chronic liver disease and liver cancer. About 90% of adult infections recover without complications, but more than 90% of the vertical infections are chronic hepatitis. Such chronic hepatitis B patients are known to have a 100 times higher risk of liver cancer than normal.
The main symptoms of hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is often called a “silent murderer”, so there is no symptom or insignificant in the early days. Even if symptoms appear, it is easy to overlook because it is similar to a cold.
- Tiredness and boredom: Chronic hepatitis B patients are most commonly appealed, and they are easily tired and full of systemic helplessness. This is because the body’s toxins are not properly removed due to the deterioration of liver function. In particular, it tends to get worse in the afternoon or evening.
- Appetite and digestive symptoms: Symptoms such as zones, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. may occur, and appetite is significantly reduced. These symptoms occur because they are involved in liver bile production and digestive enzyme secretion. Especially after eating fat, you can get worse.
- Abdominal discomfort: You can feel pain or discomfort in the liver area (top right of the ship). This is because it is swollen due to liver inflammation. Pain can appear in dull or stabbing.
- jaundice: A symptom of the skin and eye whites turn yellow, caused by the failure to properly handle the bilirubin. Jaundice is a symptom that usually occurs after liver damage is quite advanced. The urine color becomes darker and the feces color becomes accompanied.
Hepatitis B transmission path
Hepatitis B is mainly spread through the infected blood or body fluid. Daily contact is rarely transmitted.
- Vertical infection: It is the most common transmission path in Korea, which is transmitted to the baby from the mother, the hepatitis B virus carrier. It accounts for at least 30.9% of the total B infection. If the mother is positive for hepatitis B antigens, the probability of vertical infection can increase to 90%.
- Blood contact: If you are directly exposed to infected blood, it can be transmitted. This includes blood transfusions, contaminated syringes, tattoos, piercing, and acupuncture. Medical workers are more exposed to these risks due to their professional nature.
- Sexual contact: Hepatitis B virus can also be transmitted through semen or vaginal discharge. Especially if there is a wound, the risk of infection is higher. Safe sexual intercourse is important.
- Household goods sharing: If you share a shaver and toothbrush with the infected person, the virus can be transmitted through a fine wound. It is better to never share these personal items.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B Carrier has a hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the body for more than 6 months, but has no symptoms of infection and a normal liver function test. Medically, the term ‘chronic hepatitis B immune expenses’ has been used, and since 2015, the term ‘holder’ or ‘holder’ has been officially used instead of the term ‘holder’. About 5%of Korea’s population is known as hepatitis B, and most of them do not know that they are viral carriers. In particular, only about 25%of the hepatitis B virus infected people are infected.
Features of hepatitis B
- Omniginal condition: Most hepatitis B carriers do not show special symptoms. It has a virus but does not cause inflammation in the liver. However, even if there is no symptoms, the virus may cause damage to the liver. It is important to monitor the liver state through regular tests.
- Possibility: Body is likely to spread the virus to others through blood, semen, saliva (saliva). It is mainly transmitted through blood or sexual contact, and it is rarely transmitted by food or everyday contact. It can be transmitted when a large amount of saliva is transmitted through a deep kiss, but the probability of infection is very low enough to eat the broth together.
- No vaccination effect: Hepatitis B carriers do not need to be vaccinated in hepatitis B because they do not have antibodies even if they are vaccinated. This is because it already has a virus, so there is no preventive effect. However, the family of the carrier must be vaccinated if necessary after receiving the hepatitis B test and necessary.
Management of hepatitis B
- Regular examination: Some of the carriers can proceed with chronic hepatitis, so you need to have regular examinations and liver functional tests once every six months. 5.1%of patients with chronic hepatitis B can be liver cirrhosis within one year, and 23%can be liver cirrhosis within five years. Early detecting status changes can slow down the disease through appropriate treatment.
- Lifestyle managementHepatitis carriers must stay away from alcohol. Because alcohol breaks down in the liver, heavy drinking can be burdensome to promote the progression of hepatitis and cirrhosis. In addition, it is important to avoid drugs or herbal medicines that can burden the liver, avoid overwork, and maintain healthy lifestyles such as sufficient sleep, balanced nutrition, and smoking cessation.
Prevention of transmission of hepatitis B carriers
- Personal hygiene managementBody should be distinguished from other people from other people, syringe, syringe, razor, nail clipper, cutlery, and toothbrush. This is because these items can be transmitted by the minute wounds. It is especially important not to share personal goods among families.
- Prevention of vertical infection: The most important path of hepatitis B is a vertical infection that is transmitted to the fetus from the mother. Born from mother, a mother, must be involved in immunoglobulin with the first vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine within 48 hours of birth. You must complete the additional vaccine in the next one or six months.
Hepatitis B carriers must manage liver health through regular check -ups for a lifetime. If symptoms such as systemic helpless, fatigue, itching of the skin, jaundice, etc. Healthy lifestyles and proper management can minimize the risk of complications such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
Hepatitis B vaccination
Hepatitis b is vaccinated is a vaccine for preventing infections caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). This vaccine is made by applying genetic recombination technology and is effective in preventing hepatitis and complications such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B is more serious than hepatitis A, sometimes fatal, and 5-10%of the infected people can progress to chronic hepatitis. This vaccination, which is recommended around the world, is included in the required vaccination of infants and toddlers in Korea, with a 99%vaccination rate.
Hepatitis B vaccination
- Infant: All infants must be vaccinated in hepatitis B. A total of three vaccinations are recommended, starting with the first vaccination immediately after birth. Infants who are not inoculated at birth should start their vaccination as soon as possible. In particular, a newborn born from a mother, a hepatitis B viral carrier, must be inoculated within 24 hours after birth.
- Hepatitis B high risk group: Certain groups have a high risk of infection and are particularly recommended for vaccinations. Hepatitis B viral carriers are included here, patients who need to be blood -blooded frequently, and hemodialysis patients. In addition, groups of drug addicts, medical institution workers, prisoners and employees of accommodation facilities, and groups with a high risk of exposure to sex trailer diseases are also targeted.
- Adult vaccination: As of 2025, all adults up to 59 years old are recommended for those who have not been vaccinated in hepatitis B. In particular, the family or hepatitis B family should be inoculated first.
Hepatitis B vaccination schedule and method
- Inoculation number and spacing: In general, in the first round, the first month, the first month (4 weeks after the first time), the 6th month (20-24 weeks after the first time). For adults, certain vaccines, such as Heplisav-B, can be completed in twice. The inoculation is made of muscle injection.
- Inoculation: The amount of inoculation varies depending on age. 0.5ml for under 20 years old and adults aged 20 or older are muscle injecting 1ml. The amount of vaccination may vary depending on the type of vaccine, so you must follow the instructions of the medical staff.
- Rapid vaccination schedule: If you need a quick immune acquisition, you can apply a quick schedule for three times (4th inoculation after 12 months) within 21 days. This is considered in situations where urgent protection is needed.
Hepatitis B vaccination effect
- Immune formation rate: For healthy people, regular inoculation shows preventive effects in more than 95%. Antibodies formed after inoculation lasts for a long time and protect them from hepatitis B virus infections.
- Additional management of high -risk groups: A person who has a decreased immune function, a patient with HIV/AIDS, or premature birth may require additional inoculation. In the case of high -risk groups, blood tests are recommended to confirm the vaccine effect.
Side effects of hepatitis B vaccination
- Mild side effects: There may be minor side effects such as pain, fever, seizures and light headaches. In addition, erythema, itching, swelling, hardship (core), heat, boredom, and hands of hands may appear. Most of these side effects are temporary and disappear by itself.
- Serious side effects: Serious side effects occur very rarely. Allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis (low blood pressure, shortness of breath, facial pale, etc.), may occur, so it is recommended to stay in a medical institution for a certain time after inoculation.
Hepatitis B vaccination is a safe and effective measure that can be inoculated safely during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is recognized as an essential medicine for preventing hepatitis B worldwide, especially in vaccination of infants. Regular vaccinations can prevent serious complications caused by hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B antibody/treatment
Hepatitis b is a protein produced by an immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV). This antibody can be formed naturally after viral infection or artificially produced through vaccination. Hepatitis B antibody tests are used as an important diagnostic tool to check the infection and immunity. In particular, if the surface antibody (HBSab) is positive, it means that there is an immunity to hepatitis B, indicating that it has been recovered after the past or is immunized through vaccination.
Types and meanings of hepatitis B antibodies
- Surface antibody (HBSab): Antibody against the surface antigen (HBSag) of hepatitis B virus. If this antibody is positive, it means that there is immunity to hepatitis B. In the past, hepatitis B was infected with hepatitis B, indicating a state in which immunity was formed through vaccination. If the surface antibody is positive, there is no risk of transmitting the virus to others, and can be protected from re -infection.
- Central cavalry (HBCAB): Antibody against the central antigen (HBCAG) of hepatitis B virus. This antibody is difficult to detect with blood tests and can only be checked by biopsy through liver swords. The presence of the central antibody means that it has been infected with past hepatitis B viruses, but this alone is difficult to distinguish whether it is now infected or recovered after the past infection.
- HBEAB: Antibodies against the antigen (HBEAG) of hepatitis B virus. If this antibody is positive, it means past infections, indicating that the virus growth decreases and the infectious power is lowered. In patients with chronic hepatitis B, the conversion of angle antibodies can be interpreted as a signal that the therapeutic reaction is good.
Hepatitis B test results analysis
- Surface antigen (HBSag) voice, surface antibody (HBSab) voice: It is not infected with hepatitis B and has no immunity. In this case, hepatitis B vaccination is required. Vaccination is conducted three times (0, 1, 6 months), and it is recommended to check the formation of antibodies after inoculation. If you do not have immunity, there is a risk of infection if exposed to hepatitis B virus.
- Surface antigen (HBSag) negative, surface antibody (HBSab) positive: There is an immunity to hepatitis B. This is the case when it has been recovered after hepatitis B infection or immunity is formed through vaccination. In this state, no additional vaccination is required, and it is very unlikely to be infected even if it is exposed to hepatitis B virus.
- Surface antigen (HBSag) positive, surface antibody (HBSab) voice: Hepatitis B virus carrier or current infection state. In this case, liver functional tests and additional virus tests should be evaluated for chronic hepatitis and the need for treatment. Care is required because carriers can spread the virus to others.
Hepatitis B drug treatment
- Antiviral: It is a drug that is currently the main pillar of hepatitis B treatment, and prevents liver damage by inhibiting viral cloning. Typical drugs include Entecavir, Tenofovir Resoprocksil Pumarate (TDF), and Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF). In particular, Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) has an antiviral suppression effect of more than 90% for five years, and is known to be effective in maintaining renal and bone density.
- Immunomic: Immunomodulators such as interferon alpha act as a way to remove the virus by increasing the immune response of the host. Pegilization Interferon Alpha is administered once a week, and in some patients, it can be more effective than antiviral drugs. However, there are many side effects and not suitable for all patients.
Hepatitis B treatment should be customized according to the individual’s condition. Recent studies have shown that starting antiviral treatment at the time when hepatitis B viral virus inked antigen (HBEAG) is positive, it may lower the risk of liver cancer. Therefore, it is important that patients with hepatitis B do not miss the timing of proper treatment through regular checkups.
FAQ
Q: What are the main symptoms and transmission paths of hepatitis B?
A: The main symptoms of hepatitis B include fatigue, anorexia, nausea, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, but many infected people are often asymptomatic. Inflammatory paths include contact through infected blood or body fluids, vertical infections from mothers, sexual contact, and contaminated syringe sharing. It is rarely transmitted by everyday contact (handshake, hugs, food sharing).
Q: What management do hepatitis B needs?
A: Hepatitis B carriers must have regular liver function tests and virus numerical tests every six months. It is necessary to maintain this week, smoking cessation and balanced diet, and avoid the use of drugs that are burdensome. It is also important to recommend vaccinations for families and to share personal hygiene products (razors, toothbrushes, etc.). Even if you don’t have any symptoms, you need to monitor your progress to chronic hepatitis through regular checkups.
Q: When and how should I get vaccinations in hepatitis B?
A: Hepatitis B vaccination starts immediately after birth, and a total of three times (immediately after birth, one month after birth, six months later) is a standard schedule. Adults are inoculated three times every 0, 1, and 6 months if they are not inoculated before. In particular, high -risk groups, such as medical workers, family Bs of hepatitis B, patients with hemodialysis, and immunodeficiency, must be inoculated. After vaccination, it is recommended to check the formation of antibodies.
Q: How do I interpret the results of hepatitis B antibody tests and how to treat?
A: In hepatitis B antibody tests, the positive surface antibody (HBSAB) is immunity, and the surface antigen (HBSag) positive means the current state of infection. Treatment is mainly used to inhibit virus cloning using antiviral drugs (eteca beaches, tenofoviers, etc.). Patients with chronic hepatitis B should receive regular check -ups and medications if necessary, and the treatment goal is to reduce the risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer due to viral suppression.
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